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A convenience yield is an adjustment to the cost of carry in the non-arbitrage pricing formula for forward prices in markets with trading constraints. Let be the forward price of an asset with initial price and maturity . Suppose that is the continuously compounded interest rate for one year. Then, the non-arbitrage pricing formula should be However, this relationship does not hold in most commodity markets, partly because of the inability of investors and speculators to short the underlying asset, . Instead, there is a correction to the forward pricing formula given by the convenience yield . Hence This makes it possible for backwardation to be observable. ==Example== A trader has observed that the price of 6-month () gold futures price (F) is $1,300 per troy ounce, whereas the spot price (S) is $1,371 per troy ounce. The (not compounded) borrowing rate for a 6-month loan () is 3.5% per annum, and storage cost for gold is negligible (0%). Since we know we have the relation: What is the convenience yield implied by the futures price? From the formula above, we isolate the convenience yield (), and we obtain: (per annum, not compounded) For information, if we had a continuously compounded 6-month borrowing rate and if we were looking for the continuously compounded convenience yield, we would have the formula: And the convenience yield would therefore be: (per annum, continuously compounded) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』 ■ウィキペディアで「convenience yield」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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